Why does the same cable run at different speeds on different devices?

The link is negotiated to the lowest common capability, and long or marginal links can down-train.

Answer: a USB link runs at the lowest capability of the cable and both endpoints — and marginal links re-train downward.

  • Capability mismatch — a 40 Gbps cable between a 40 Gbps host and a 10 Gbps device gives 10 Gbps.
  • Signal margin — a long or damaged cable may negotiate lower to stay stable; this looks like "slower on this laptop".
  • Port differences — ports on the same laptop are not always equal.

When a customer reports speed differences, record cable model, both endpoints and the negotiated rate before concluding.

Related questions

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Frequently asked questions

Why is the same cable faster on one device than another?

The link negotiates to the lowest capability of cable and both endpoints, and marginal links down-train.